Tag: Publishing Tips

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Anatomy of a Book’s Page: the Guts!

Writer’s Bane: Formatting 101 starts with helping authors and designers to identify every part of a book and which ones matter the most for the genre and type of book they aim to create. It’s vital that everyone knows the proper terms and verbiage when trying to communicate with your formatter in hopes that they make the changes you want precisely and with little confusion. I can’t express how often clients are using the wrong terms and I’ve changed the item they said, not the one they envisioned. Let’s break down my top three!

Chapter Header versus Headline

This may feel like a small matter, but for a typesetter it means a lot behind the scenes for both how we design a chapter page as well as how we program an ebook and even the Table of Contents. Chapter Header is often just a number, “chapter #”, “week #”, or some other short and simple implication of a new chapter and its identification. Under the hood, these are the h1 programming tier.

As far as adding a chapter headline, or subtitle, that’s referred to as a headline. It’s often presented in a different font or more elegant font to make an effort to emphasize the theme or topic for the chapter more pronounced. You don’t need a headline or to title your chapters. Chapter headlines are more often seen in nonfiction and certain genres. Under the hood, these are the h2 programming tier.

Margins versus Line Spacing versus Paragraph Spacing

There are no words for the amount of miscommunication I have seen in my career and peers when it comes to corrections or changes involving adjusting the spacing. It’s important that when communicating with a formatter to be clear which of these three you are implying and be aware of the limitations or design faux pas we help you avoid.

Margins refer to the space between the page’s trim edge or actual finished edge and where the textual content lands. If you are creating a book that is Print-on-Demand or traditional print fiction style, this should be 0.5 inch margin. Many designers also will have a larger inner, or inside the spine, margin of 0.65-0.8 inches depending on the total page count and binding type of your book. Traditionally, the margin for a body page on the top and bottom are set for 0.75 inches to allow enough space before the 0.5 inch minimum for page numbers, header, and footer. In short, there may be very little a designer can change in regards to these design aspects if you wish for textual content to be closer to the page’s edge.

Line Spacing refers to the spacing between the lines of text adjacent to each other from the top and/or bottom of it. This is often called leading as well, and it’s common to have a leading of 11-14 points when designing a book. Never should your book be double spaced. This is reserved solely for the purpose of editors and giving them space to leave editorial marks and notes accordingly. Double space is often used for academic papers for this reason as well. As for published and professional books, they should never be double spaced unless you are creating an editing exercise.

Paragraph spacing refers to the space above, between, and below a specific paragraph. It’s more common to have no paragraph spacing in body text with a first line indent of 0.25-0.5 inches. If you want no first line indent, it is recommended to add at least a 0.0625 inch space after the paragraph style. This may make content harder to identify though. Paragraph spacing is a vital part of a reader seeing when time or scenes change, special content broken out, or simply in a textbook which chunk belongs to which area. These should be used purposefully and placed accordingly. I highly recommend trusting your editor or designer. OR check out the Chicago Manual Style for aid.

Quote versus Pull Quotes

A quote or citation should always have paragraph spacing above and below it as well as left and right indentation to help it stand out. Some go as far as italicizing these, though that should be dependent on the intent of the author and/or editor. These are always within the flow of the content and don’t disrupt the overall flow of text.

A pull quote takes something from the content nearby and creates a graphical image of text. These quotes are often seen in magazines, textbooks, and nonfiction more than anywhere else. They create excitement or point out a vital statement that shouldn’t be glossed over. They act the same as placing an image or object and the text should flow around these pull quotes. Again, these are taken from something in the content and therefore is often a repeat of what is found on the page or spread.

Discover More

Like the advice and information you see here? Check out the Formatting 101 textbook here! This tome holds a variety of answers for those seeking to become typesetters, looking to self-publish their book, or simply want to learn how to communicate and prepare their manuscripts to get the most out of their designers. The Writer’s Bane is a curse and passion, both a want and need to tell a story. In this volume, you will learn the importance for prepping a book for layout as well as laying it out in a way that appeals to your readers of any genre including picture books, chapter books, fiction, memoirs, textbooks, workbooks, and everything in-between.

Writer’s Bane: Formatting 101
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Anatomy of a Book – What Goes Inside?

If you haven’t discovered Writer’s Bane: Formatting 101, you’ve been missing out on a lot of answers to questions. This includes what goes inside your book, how to prepare a manuscript for a typeset, and how to design the interior of your book. Let me share a sampling of one common question I get in workshops and email: 

What else do I put inside my book?

Front Matter

Before a reader gets to the first chapter there are several key pages that need to be there first. This also can impact how professional looking your book is seen to book store chains and should be overlooked. For example, everyone should be doing a half title and full title page, followed by a proper copyright page. These three pages can add a space to sign and a feeling of legitimacy to your book. Inside Formatting 101 I dive into great detail and give several examples of what these pages look like, their purpose, and an author’s reason for using one or how to use them to your advantage. In short, here’s a list of pages (in a recommended hierarchy) that can be added as roman numeral pages before chapter 1, page 1 unfolds:

  1. Half Title page – this general just has the title, subtitle, and often matches the title font from the front cover.
  2. Full Title page – this should have title, subtitle, series, author, and publisher logo.
  3. Copyright page – Title, Author, Copyright date, publisher information, design and editorial credits, legal jargon, Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN), and International Standard Book Number (ISBN) for all formats. Take a look at many books for examples.
  4. Dedication – Short and sweet. Often centered on a page or in children’s books seen above copyrights on the same page!
  5. Endorsement – Sometimes I see this before the half title page or even before the dedication. I recommend it here since it comes off cleaner and less jarring for readers.
  6. Table of Contents – You want to place this here as a dividing line between actual reader content and the formalities and legal aspects of what is listed above it.
  7. Foreword – Any words that need to come before read this book. Whether you are preparing the reader or having someone comment on the book. It’s often encouraged to email and ask for a foreword about the author or book from other authors or professionals that write or enjoy what your book is about. Even celebrities do this!
  8. Words from the Author – A more author centric foreword.
  9. About the Author – This is here for nonfiction books. Often readers want to know who the expert on the topic is before reading further on a topic. 
  10. Acknowledgements – These can go here or in the back matter.
  11. Preface – More common in nonfiction. This is often a statement of some kind on the topic to encourage readers or share something about the book. Often this can reference the fact of acknowledging a school of thought or piece of history that was not included and the reasoning behind it or where to discover more on the topics within.
  12. Prologue – More common in fiction. This is an event that the readers should experience that influences the story or shares vital information. Whether its past events that created magic to a girl witnessing something through a keyhole that will impact the plot. It should have a direct connection to the character or plot in some way.
  13. Introduction or Overview – Seen in nonfiction, this is gearing up what the book is about or what they should be learning as they travel through the content. Sometimes this may even have instructions of some kind on how to use the book.

Content

This should always start as chapter 1 or section 1 on a right page with PAGE 1. It seems strange, but many programs including InDesign force typesetters to follow this rule. In short, this is not up for discussion as far as the publishing and design industries are concerned. Be mindful of what pages fall between your front matter and back matter. This includes:

  1. Section page – Traditionally on the right or odd page. 
  2. Chapter page – First one starts traditionally on the right or odd page. All consecutive chapter pages can fall on either side or only on the right page depending on the amount of content or designers preference. More and more books will land these on right and left pages to save on page count and lower print costs.
  3. Body page – These are the pages that hold the rest of the story. They often have the page numbers on the bottom center or outer margins, content justified and uniform across the page, and headers and/or footers. These often will have the title, subtitle, author, chapter, or subchapter information depending on type of book and designer’s preference.

Back Matter

This is very much like the front matter, but items you would prefer them to read and explore after your story. If you are working on nonfiction, this is often where to find more resources, referenced materials, and even tools for applying what the reader has learned or even fill in gaps that may be needed. For example, in Formatting 101 I’ve added a large glossary in hopes of catching any moment where a term is used that may be industry or design specific to make the content more widely understood to even those exploring book formatting and publishing for the first time.

  1. Epilogue – This is seen in fiction work where we get to see what transpired after the events. It can often feature showing the characters happy ending in greater detail, the rise of something more happening in the series, or even showing events from another POV for this one chapter only to reveal something more about the story. Again, it should impact the reader via their connection to the character or plot.
  2. About the Author – Unlike nonfiction, it is more traditional to see this placed here in fiction work. Be sure to include your social media!
  3. Acknowledgements – If you have one that is more than 1-2 pages long, you may want to place this here in the back of the book.
  4. Book Listing – Recommending other books you or similar authors in your network can be helpful.
  5. Preview or Sneak Peek – It’s not uncommon in romance novels to see the first chapter or snapshot of what the next book will be about. This can be handy for any genre to showcase that this is part of a series.
  6. Bibliography or References – Often seen in nonfiction as a means to cite sources.
  7. Endnotes – Many folks still use endnotes, but I do encourage you to consider footnotes since this works favorably for eBook readers as well as the only kind accepted by KDP/Amazon and other vendors.
  8. Index – Again, indexes are being replaced with the ability to have searchable ebooks and PDFs or digital copies of books. They are still very much curated content and take lots of time to prepare, but a personal preference in today’s world.
  9. Appendix – Content or worksheets. Materials you either referenced or provided, including excerpts of public domain material, is often seen in nonfiction. Fiction usually saves this for fun extras, coloring pages, and even the occasional recipe.
  10. Book Club Questions – Librarians love them and book clubs live for them. Don’t underestimate the power of providing these. There shouldn’t be a clear answer. I always tell fellow author’s pretend this is a chance to start your very own fight club!

Discover More

Like the advice and information you see here? Check out the Formatting 101 textbook here. This tome holds a variety of answers for those seeking to become typesetters, looking to self-publish their book, or simply want to learn how to communicate and prepare their manuscripts to get the most out of their designers. The Writer’s Bane is a curse and passion, both a want and need to tell a story. In this volume, you will learn the importance for prepping a book for layout as well as laying it out in a way that appeals to your readers of any genre including picture books, chapter books, fiction, memoirs, textbooks, workbooks, and everything in-between.

Writer’s Bane: Formatting 101
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Is There Hope for the Little Guy?

I started my publishing journey in 2020. I wanted to create a publishing company that was different. I am not alone in this idea. As an author myself, I saw how hard, and I would actually say impossible, it was for some authors to get their book published.

I could write a book on what is wrong in the publishing industry as far as the large traditional publishers go, but most of us know the horror stories and have some scars ourselves.

I branded my company 4 Horsemen Publications because I wanted to be part of Bringing the Publishing Apocalypse to our industry. Things need to change and I know that every independent publishing company and independent author are making that change happen.

Yesterday, a news item was shared with me about the sudden closure of Small Press Distribution. You can see the article from NPR here: https://www.npr.org/2024/04/08/1243433868/authors-scramble-after-the-main-distributor-for-small-publishers-suddenly-closed

Reading it made my heart sink. I know first hand what this can mean for a publishing company of any size. 

After almost five years in this industry, I can tell you that anyone who joins it to “get rich” will become disillusioned very quickly. Publishing is hard work. It is not only creating the content, but being a stable person in your author’s lives. They will need a sounding board or simply someone to vent to. It is learning how to find readers and training your authors to do the same. It is understanding how books are created, listed, and found on retail sites and elsewhere. Again, I have literally written the books on some of these points.

However, what I have seen more than anything is that there are deals with the publishing “devils” that you have to make in order to succeed. Our fates as publishers are in the hands of a few companies like Small Press Distributors in order to get the books that have had blood, sweat and tears poured into them into stores and the hands of readers. Do I have a large printing press and am I printing my own books? Nope. I can’t. There is not only the cost to get and maintain these machines, but the space to keep them and the supplies to run them. How do we then distribute these books? Having a warehouse of amazing award-winning titles does not mean you snap your fingers and they are listed on all the sites you need them to be.

So what are our options? There are a few::

  1. Find a printer, get your books printed, warehouse them, and then find a distributor. 
  2. List your books only on sites like Amazon, B&N, and Kobo, to name a few, that will allow you to upload your print books (however, be prepared to buy ISBNs for every version unless you want that company listed as the publisher).
  3. Find a distributor like Ingram who will print your books on demand (POD) and allow you to distribute them to all the major retailers for a cut of your profits.

It is very hard—as the owner of a company—to have something so vital to the survival of your business in the hands of other entities.

How do you overcome this?

I am seeing that more publishers are finding creative ways to sell via their websites and allowing the authors to sell on their own websites. copies of the books being able to be printed from some of the sources listed above.

You can also work with book printers to create “Special Edition Copies” of books in a smaller print run. There are what are referred to as Mom and Pop printers that would love to help you make your books amazing. BookTokers and Bookstagramers love these and so do the fans.

I will say that we, as a community of independent publishers, need to work together to form better solutions to make sure what happened with Small Press Distribution does not continue to happen.We must find new and creative ways to thrive so that we can get our author’s voices and stories out to readers that are hungry for them.

Let’s start a dialogue together on how we change this machine, so to speak, to redefine how we are able to succeed.

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Amazon Just Closed My Account! Where Do I Go From Here?

It appears stepping into 2023 with Amazon has gone from a cobblestone road with a few bumps to completely lost in the woods. Visually, it’s equivalent to riding in a carriage with an angry Violet Crawley from Downtown Abbey before teleported to the woods at night being chased in The Blair Witch Project. So what is happening? Authors who have been publishing for YEARS are waking up to closed accounts without warning, notice, or reasons to explain why. Since January there has been a huge wave of alarm rumbling through the community. Social media is exploding as the community shares similar stories. Authors who have been long-time KDP published sellers are finding themselves with closed accounts without notice. And worse, met with aggression, no reply, or nonsensical answers with little to no hope of recovering these accounts nor being able to open new accounts. 

A Snapshot of a Rocky Past

Amazon has always had a rocky relationship with independent authors and self-publishers for a while, long before they bought out and folded in CreateSpace. This includes policy changes in erotica that sent a wave of blocked, pulled, and closed accounts to book review changes that continues to plague and confuse authors and readers alike. In short, they have been notorious for the inconsistency in which how and why they take said actions has been a mystery thwarting authors for years.

During the mass closing and COVID pandemic in 2020, many of these same authors were met with their audiobooks being held back, frozen, rejected, or their submission clocks reset while big publishers were still being launched as normal. From March until mid-November anyone under a certain size or account type found themselves completely dead in the water and no path for getting scheduled audiobooks out as they normally had been. It forced many to abandon ACX or find other methods to reach these channels outside self-publishing methods.

Why is This Happening?

It can only be speculated as there hasn’t been any formal statements from Amazon on why not only accounts are being closed without notice, but even big publishers are having unreliable data entry on the product pages (including here at 4HP!). Other problems include misspelled author names, wrong product linking (a preorder book had reviews for a kitchen appliance!), wrong BISAC or keywords, and more. Regardless, the question is: WHY?

Several news reports have been flooding Forbes, NBC, and more on recent layoffs and positions being dissolved. Amazon’s new CEO has been, as he phrased it, “making the company leaner” and many tech-based positions have been completely canned. The first wave hit on January 18th and again in March, with reports stating remote work stops in May, and that he “looks forward to the remaining team’s creative solutions” and “re-establishing in-office culture.” What does it really mean? Who knows, but we are definitely seeing an impact as lack of communication, confusion, and chaos erupts in our latest Amazon encounters. Rejections vary including:

  • Your account is associated with another banned/suspended account (Despite no history of one from the author).
  • “During a recent audit of your account, we found content and/or activities that are in violation of our Terms and Conditions” which doesn’t explain exactly what it was. This could involve:
    • Erotica was too much or a scene reported in a book that triggered this.
  • Copyright infringement. Your book had a cover, title, content, or something similar to a title already published. This one is scary, because in the recent months those who reported someone for plagiarism or selling content that they didn’t own, they’ve simply suspended ALL ASSOCIATED ACCOUNTS instead of doing any investigation work.
  • You mentioned trademarked items, characters, or used them. Fanfiction falls into this category and you should refrain from selling such works without putting in the effort to trade out and revise it to be its own book.
  • Enrolling in KDP Unlimited with a book sold wide.
  • Multiple accounts with the same books listed.

What Do I Do Now?

There are options! And more than you realize. For the sake of sanity here are some links and advice on options to consider. There is information out there and remember you’re not alone in this! Many authors are sitting there foaming at the mouth and in complete devastation (or completely in tears). It’s like that time you thought you deleted that manuscript or the cloud server ate a file. We’ve been there friend, so here’s some sources and options to soften the blow:

  • If you haven’t found Amazon’s verbiage on this matter, here’s their answer to what to do and if you can appeal from the affiliate side. There was a link and verbiage on amazon and as I write this, I can’t locate it but many are using the KDP Contact form to reach out to start communications on appealing: https://affiliate-program.amazon.com/help/node/topic/GACDBRFKVDTXSPTH  
  • Want to start fresh with a new account but worried you might do this wrong? No problem! Someone has recently written this how-to, but be mindful this one isn’t author centric but has a lot of insight and shows it’s not just authors being slammed by this: https://sellerinteractive.com/blog/opening-amazon-account-after-suspension/
  • Kindlepeneur is a great resource and they have a wonderful article on this topic with the difference between Suspended versus Terminated with insight on what options you have: https://kindlepreneur.com/amazon-account-suspension/ 
  • PUBLISH ELSEWHERE! There’s still ways to get your books back on Amazon without facing or dealing with Amazon directly. Consider using distributors or aggregators such as:
    • IngramSparks, Lightning Source, or CoreSource Plus is one of the largest distributors for self-publishers/IndieAuthors to big publishers.
    • Draft2Digital is a wonderful option for self-publishers and independent publishers. They aggregate and distribute widely and reach far.
    • Associations such as IBPA and others have a means for members to distribute through their own accounts and channels. Also, they often provide discounts and coupon codes for using services or list where to go.
    • Find a Small Press or Publisher who takes in previously published work! 4HP is one of those, so if this is something you want to give a try, head over to submissions or check out the details on other publisher sites to see what their policies are on accepting such works.
    • BookBaby is a great author services site that has expanded a lot in recent years and added distribution options for ebooks and more.
    • Author Services and groups are a great way and if there are issues they can spot them for you before publishing the content live and have no risk of suspension.
    • Vanity Presses have publishing packages and you can save on them by choosing to provide the files for the book (typeset and cover). Ask about special packages that simply give you access to their publishing channels and how much this would cost you per year to keep your book live on their channels (though this may be the most expensive route compared to the ones mentioned above).
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Your Publisher Dissolved, Now What?

Let’s talk about the unspoken what if or even for many since COVID and other buyouts – WHEN YOUR CONTRACT IS NO MORE. That moment many authors may have already experienced when the Publisher or Press you signed on for is Dissolved. What does that mean? It’s a technical term for a company closing its doors permanently. The reasons can range:

  • Bought out and discontinued by a larger publisher/press.
  • Company filed and dissolved (sometimes filing bankruptcy or the owner unable to keep the company going for personal or business reasons).
  • Lawsuits or other legal action exposed royalties unpaid and other unsavory business practices.
  • Sometimes it’s a merger or buyout that doesn’t renew most of the contracts.

Where does the Backlist go?

First off, a backlist for an author or publisher is considered a book that was released 2+ years ago. These are the first books in a series or start of an author’s career in most cases. Prepare for the industry to refuse your backlist, a staple that is archaic and old as time (unless you’re a big author like Neil Gaiman and still considered ‘relevant’ on the market).

Regardless of the reason why you no longer have these books published, this often leaves authors midway in series and trilogies, or leaving books that once made money unable to reach readers, new and old. Many current publishers and presses will not consider previously published work and often this leads to feeling like you have to start all over again. This isn’t far-fetched from a new experience self-published authors are also feeling. Often self-pub authors will need to pull all their books and completely abandon them in order to sign with a traditional publisher or literary agent with a new book.

So where do all these books go? Nowhere. They return to a shelf or obscure place on a computer somewhere to collect dust meanwhile fans search in hopes of finding that book again in a thrift store someplace. 

Backlist are Vital to the Industry

This is the most confusing aspect of the industry. Why the stigma on backlist? What is it that has left a sour taste in the mouths of agents and publishers? After much toiling, it still doesn’t add up. Let’s review some things you should consider:

  • Ingram reported in 2021 that 78% of their overall sales came from their backlist. This was a distribution reach that included many of the big 20 publishers as well as independent publishers.
  • Written Word Media has reported time and time again, authors with 20+ more books published make more money.
  • New readers will always start at book one in a series, so publishing later books (i.e. 3, 4, 5+) without the rest defeats the purpose.
  • Marketing as an author has best results when you have 3 or more books already out in the series.
  • A large publisher contract is only 3 years long, so books barely hit into the “backlist” zone for a year before being dropped.

What Now?

Let’s discuss what to do. Because the majority of publishers will not accept your backlist, doesn’t mean there aren’t companies out there that will. 4 Horsemen Publications is one of those rare gems, but even some of these publishers will allow you to self-publish the backlist. In short, here are some things to beware of as you get files back, or to prepare in order to revive your backlist. This can even double for canceling a contract and pitfalls to avoid:

  • Don’t feel the need to pay for cover and typeset (especially if the price soars into the 4-digit and thousands of dollars range). Most publishers will want to do their own touch on the book and it’s rare that they keep these even when provided. Instead, focus on giving them the manuscript instead. 
  • Most contracts cover cancellation terms and in the case of dissolution where rights can be reverted. Many simply need a written notice while others might need a more detailed chain of events. Remember to review these sections in the contracts you signed and call upon legal help as needed.
  • Double check the copyrights. It should be in your name with the publisher as an agent. If you discover the copyright is listed under the publisher or another name, you should seek out legal advice on what the next steps should be on this matter. A dissolved company may allow you to change it to your own name, meanwhile a dropped contract may result in you needing to buy your book rights back!
  • Prepare for a complete relaunch and makeover. The best way to revive an abandoned or rocky situation is to take a huge step back and walk forward again. This is going to be the best method to handle a backlist when a publisher takes it on and even more so if you decide to self-publish it on your own.

Will 4HP Consider taking my Backlist? Previously Published Books?

In short, YES! But, as with any book we take on, it needs to be given to us via our submissions page and go through our process. We love to help authors and the community, but we have a quality and expectation to adhere to in order to maintain our values. Whether submitting to us or elsewhere be prepared to provide:

  • Proof you have the rights.
  • Book is no longer available at vendors or for printing.
    • Print versions will always be available as long as someone has it in stock, so this is just part of that used book market that will always show up.
    • eBook versions should be unpublished and unavailable completely.
    • Audiobooks should be unpublished and unavailable, but some distributors and contracts make this more complex. Some are locked in to be live for 5-10 years depending on the contracts the former publisher made. Be sure when you cancel your contract or the company dissolves that you reach out to make arrangements to still get your royalties accordingly!
  • Again, prepare for a complete makeover. New cover, new formatting/interior, and relaunch!
  • Don’t assume the publisher will be ok with the former publisher’s edits. Some might review and decide yay or nay, while others will say no and do it again with their standards applied.