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New Releases for August 2023

Daughter of Serpents

by Sydney Wilder

August 28, 2023

Her whole life they called her a monster. Now she’s the only one that can save them all.

Marissa is used to being alone. She is a half-Naga, living on the streets in a world where colonizing humans are at odds with the native reptilian beastfolk. She spends her time in an abandoned storefront, hidden from society, until she meets Arthur, the owner of a local menagerie. She finds herself drawn to the charming herpetologist, and when her secret is revealed, he quickly enlists her help.

An outcast Naga has been terrorizing the villagers on the outskirts of the kingdom, and Arthur needs to find out why. But as the pair travel across the valley, they realize the Naga’s sudden appearance is part of something far more sinister. Tensions rise, an army forms, and the strange Naga searches for a mysterious treasure. As the secrets of the past begin to unravel, Marissa realizes she’s the only one that can save the Valley of Scales – before it plunges into chaos.

Linda’s Story

by Alan Berkshire

August 30, 2023

After tending to Adam Blake’s life-threatening wounds, all the “Family” can do is wait…

It is the waiting that is hardest for Linda Stephens. She and Adam had found something special—had fought long and hard in a hostile, dying world despite incredible odds. And now, just when they thought they had found happiness, disaster strikes.

Afraid that Adam could die without knowing who she truly is, Linda resolves to tell him everything. Sitting a lonely, fearful vigil beside his sickbed and hoping he can hear her, Linda starts at the beginning: when the Black Dust fell…

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What Is an Audiobook Guide and Why Do You Need One?

It’s no secret that having an audiobook for your series is a good idea–albeit an expensive undertaking. When the time comes to have someone narrate your words, creating an audiobook guide (or Audiobook Bible, as we call it at 4 Horsemen Publications) can make all the difference between a performance you are proud of and an experience you don’t want to talk about. You invested a lot of time in writing your story–take a bit more to create a guide that will enable an accurate version of your vision. 

What is an Audiobook Guide? 

An Audiobook Guide is a document you share with your narrator (and perhaps your readers?) that contains two vital pieces of information: how to pronounce the names, places, and specialized vocabulary in your story as well as the mannerisms and speech patterns of your characters. You can do this in a few different ways. 

First, let’s talk about pronunciation and why it matters. A lot of authors will say they don’t really care about how a name in their story is pronounced–or my least favorite comment, “Just say it the normal way.” Let’s talk about what the word normal means. 

My name is Jenifer. Aside from the odd spelling (only one n–thanks, Dad!), the name Jennifer has been in the top 100 US names for the last few decades. Growing up, I always had at least one (often two three) other Jennifers in my class, meaning we had to pick separate nicknames. For the first fifteen years of my life, I was Jeni (Jenny if I had the traditional spelling). I didn’t think there was any other way to say my name… until I moved to Florida–and my Jeni became the much more serious and adult Jen–and everything shifted. 

Instead of Jen, rhymes with “hen” and “pen,” Floridians pronounced my name as “Jin,” like the drink “gin,” rhymes with “sin” and “tin.” I didn’t think I would become an alcoholic beverage, but this simple example shows how much regional variation exists in even so-called “common” name pronunciation. If this kind of thing matters to you as an author (I have shrugged and accepted that my name can sound different in different mouths), and you don’t want your character names mispronounced, take the time to explain how the word should sound, even common names. 

Your Audiobook Bible Should Include These Two Things:

  1. Pronunciation Guide

There are two ways to describe the proper sounds you want your narrator to use:

  • Option A: Spell it out with rhymes
  • Option B: Use the phonetic alphabet

Option A: Spell It Out

Spell the word out the way it would be pronounced with helpful rhymes and references to help the narrator understand what you mean.

  • Klauden van Sherinak (main character):
    • Claw (like a cat!) din (like dinner is ready) 
    • van (like the vehicle) 
    • Sher (first part of sheriff or an awkward fast sure) in (like an inn or bed and breakfast) ack (like you just stubbed your toe or the ending of the word back or tack or wrack)
  • Chaivin (nickname Klauden uses for Hannah): Chai (like the fancy tea with spices) veen (rhymes with queen and seen)
  • Hannah van Kreeosk (Main character):
    • Hah (like you were right about something and letting someone else know, or you just found the thing you were looking for) nah (like you’re passing on an option “nah man, I’m good” or rhymes with blah or like you’re at the dentist opening your mouth)
    • Van (like the vehicle)
    • Kree (rhymes with sea or like the Marvel creatures) osk (like mosque or the Star Wars character Bossk)
  • Talperin (small town): Tal (rhymes with pal or gal or the first part of the name Mal-colm) per (rhymes with fur) in (like an inn or bed and breakfast)

Option B: Use the Phonetic Alphabet

The phonetic alphabet (see a basic description here) for all the sounds.

  • Klauden van Sherinak (main character): /klaʊ dɛn væn ʃɛr i næk/
  • Chaivin (nickname Klauden uses for Hannah): /tʃaɪ vin/
  • Hannah van Kreeosk (main character): /hæ nɑː væn kri ɒsk/
  • Talperin (small town): /tɑːl pɛr ɪn/

The order in which you list your words is up to you, but think about the ease of use for your narrator. I once had an author hand over an excel spreadsheet with over a thousand words and phrases on it (Thanks, epic fantasy!). At first, this seemed too unwieldy, but it ended up being easier for the narrator to search for keywords and find them quickly. 

Another thing that will help your narrator is if you make short recordings of you saying the word. You can do this with your phone and one of the many free voice recording apps.  Put these files in a folder that you share with the narrator so they can listen to it over and over again, getting your pronunciation down before they begin reading your story. 

2. Character Tone Guide

After your pronunciation guide, you should also give a quick overview of the personality that influences the speech patterns of each character. Include any accents, verbal tics, famous references (She sounds like Famous Person X in Movie X), or anything else that will help the narrator nail the sound you seek. 

Klauden van Sherinak: (Main character) very studious, reserved, patient, speaks thoughtfully except for the rare occasion when he gets upset (usually because Hannah is being a jerk to him). He is a vampire, so if you want to give him an accent different from everyone else (except Hannah–they’re from the same place), go for it.

Hannah van Kreeosk: (Main character) generally happy or excited about whatever is happening, speaks sometimes before thinking (blurts things out), cautious when meeting new people, secretive about her own life/abilities, sometimes shy and awkward, especially around Rory. If Klauden has an accent, give Hannah a similar one, maybe slightly less since she’s been away from home for a bit. 

Once you have started your Audiobook Guide, keep it updated as each new book in the series comes out. Just add new names, places, or words from the newest installment. Make this a living document that grows with your series. (Also, keeping it all together makes it easier to remember how you wanted that word from book one to sound when the characters revisit that idea in book five.)

Choosing a Narrator

Finding the right voice for your series is a big decision–and there are many other blogs that have useful tips about the process, so I will just sum up the biggest ones here. 

Remember that recording an audiobook is expensive. Make sure you and the narrator are on the same page about everything from pronunciation and payments to timeframe and corrections. Listen to the person reading a sample of your work, and think about listening to that same voice for hours as they read your entire story. Listen to other recordings by that narrator and see if you like the vibe. 

Choosing the voice for your series is an important decision, and one that sets the tone for the rest of the series. Changing narrators midway can be jarring for readers, so you want to avoid that situation. 

Overall, an Audiobook Guide can make life easier for you, your narrator, and ultimately, your readers. You wrote an epic story! It’s time to let new readers hear it–the way you want it to sound. 

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From the Editor’s Desk: The Oxford Comma

You may be wondering what is so special about the Oxford comma and why there are so many delightful memes about it. Some context: the comma before the “and” in a list of three or more items is known as the Oxford comma (also known as the serial comma). You may have heard some debate about whether or not this comma is necessary. 

Let me assure you—it is. 

While it pains the editor in me to say, there are times when a comma doesn’t really matter. You can put it in or leave it out, and the sentence will survive. Readers will comprehend the nuanced meaning, and life will go on. Those commas are often called stylistic commas, and they may rely on their surroundings. Does the previous section or sentence have a lot of commas? Can you get the meaning across without including this one? Then leave it out to spare your reader’s attention span and focus on the important things instead. 

The Oxford comma, however—that comma in a list of three or more things—is NEVER a stylistic comma. It is never optional. It means something very specific in a certain situation, and when you need it to be there, you really need it to be there. 

Essentially, here’s what the Oxford comma says: these three (or more) items are not related to one another, as in, they are not dependent on the previous item to make sense. 

Consider the sentence: 

Tonight, at my computer, I drank a cup of tea, a bottle of water, and a can of lime Bubbly.

This sentence has three separate things: tea, water, and Bubbly. 

Here’s what happens if I remove the Oxford comma. 

Tonight, at my computer, I drank a cup of tea, a bottle of water and a can of lime Bubbly. 

Ew. Right now, my cup of “tea” is apparently a mixture of water and lime Bubbly. When you don’t have the Oxford comma, what you are conveying through your punctuation is that the two (or more) items following the commas are EXAMPLES of that first item. 

My heroes are my parents, Captain America, and Oprah Winfrey. 

Great, you have three heroes: parents, Captain America, and Oprah. Awesome. 

My heroes are my parents, Captain America and Oprah Winfrey. 

Uhh, really? I didn’t know Cap and Oprah were a thing…

When you leave out the Oxford comma, you change the meaning of the sentence and the relationship between those listed items. Instead of a list, everything after the first becomes an example. 

Hence, the litany of glorious memes!

With the Oxford comma: We invited the strippers, jfk, and stalin. Image includes stripers, jfk, and stalin. Without the Oxford comma: We invited the strippers, jfk and stalin. Image includes jfk and stalin dressed as strippers.
We invited the rhioceri, Washinton, and Lincoln.
Image included has rhinos, Washington, and Lincoln. 
We invited the rhioceri, Washinton and Lincoln. (missing the comma)
Image included has Washington and Lincoln as rhinos.
decorative
Decorative Image

Or you can even argue that the items following the first are being addressed in the sentence!

With the comma: I had eggs, bacon, and sausage. 3 items in the picture. 
Without the comma: The person says he had eggs while speaking to the bacon and sausage.

So, let your readers get the message you’re trying to send. Use the Oxford comma.

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6 Heat Levels to Romance

Spicy, sweet, steamy, hot, mild, vanilla: All of these are various words used to describe the “heat level” to a romance novel or series. What do they even mean? And in the reviews, readers often leave infamous chili peppers 🌶️ or flames 🔥 to express to one another what “heat level” the romance story hot for them. So what is the heat level?

Heat levels or spice in a romance is often in reference to the sexual content. This implies how often you get a racy scene but as well as how intense, long, or level of description you may be getting out of these intimate rumble in the sheets moments with the characters in a story. 

Sometimes we can guess based on the genre and tropes a romance novel has. For example, erotica is going to be an instant heat level of 6 whereas smalltown christian romance is going to be a 1 or 2 max. Dark Mafia? Motorcycle Rebel? Expect 4-6! Rom-com or paranormal romance? Depends on the darkness and can range on averaging 3-5!

As an author, we often struggle to communicate what we wrote and where it falls in this insane system that has developed among readers. So, let’s take a look at what each level looks like from the story or camera angle readers are seeing these lovey dovey or intimately racy moments.

🌶️ Heat Level 1 🔥

Aww! They’re holding hands, flirting, and at last kissed! Camera can’t follow them through the door. 

This is where we get those describers of sweet, wholesome, clean, and more. We also see this as the first time in love stories typically more common in Juvenile Fiction or romance stories for Christian Fiction. 

🌶️🌶️ Heat Level 2 🔥🔥

Oh she’s making out with her crush and they’re dating now! Camera can see through the open door before lights out.

Now we are getting to make out and have public displays of affection. Again, we are still in that younger audience, or readers who want the romance vibe without the need to see the naughtier bits. Most authors writing here have a sweeter ambience to their stories and a lot more character development and drama unfolding.

🌶️🌶️🌶️ Heat Level 3 🔥🔥🔥

Making out, talking about sex, touchy feely – things are happening. Camera is following them to the bed; clothes are coming off – OH! Lights out!

This is the most common middle ground for a good chunk of authors and books that use romance as a subgenre. We are having some really adult moments, out of wedlock encounters, and talking dirty isn’t off the table. Granted, the naughty bits get rather close and heavy before lights go out and jerk us forward to the next morning and the aftermath of complicated character and plot development that it ties into.

🌶️🌶️🌶️🌶️ Heat Level 4 🔥🔥🔥🔥

Oh they are going to do this! I see bras and panties. Things are thrown to the floor. The lights are on, but Camera can’t zoom in.

Let’s preheat the oven and let things bake. Now we are taking out time, really showing the body language and chemistry slower and in greater detail. This is your spicy or steamy romance reads who are pulling sexual content more into the plot or as something a character needs to explore themselves or the love interests being presented. We can follow to the bed, but the details are fuzzy and refined. Language and vocabulary may be limited but more daring in comparison to heat level 3.

🌶️🌶️🌶️🌶️🌶️ Heat Level 5 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥

Camera is in the room, and they are naked and talking dirty. There’s a few explicits and even words like “cock” and “pussy” – WOW!

Now we are in kinky, dark romance, romance erotica, and things skirting at the edge of erotica as a genre. These sometimes will be labeled both in Romance categories as well as Erotica because they have thinned the line between the two. The naughty bits still sit second place or lower as for plot focus, but it’s become a huge element of the story. The vocabulary is vulgar and brash, the scenes daring and if you weren’t fanning yourself before this, you are now. Get ready to sweat, blush, and hide where no one can read over your shoulders more so than ever before.

🥵 Heat Level 6 🍆

Camera is there with a whole crew, asking for a leg to move so they can see how things are going into other things. This could be a guide to how to have sex with so many details. Wait, where’d that whip come from?

Unapologetic smut. Sex is the plot and is often a huge part of the world or characters goals, motivations, and conflict. Getting laid varies in many ways, but this is close up, play-by-play, and there’s not much left for the imagination to know exactly where that hand went and what they did once they reached their destination! Fanning and heart thumping, these books are meant to entertain and invoke arousal in the reader themselves much like their visual compadres on the dark, naughty side of the interwebs. That doesn’t mean you can’t find enriching stories, immaculate writing, and amazing character development even with intercourse served as the main course of the plot. Just remember, much like their visual brethren, it’s not recommended to try to reenact what you read.

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New Releases for July 2023

Can’t Fight the Feelings

by Mimi Francis

Falling in love with his best friend’s sister wasn’t part of the plan.

Mason Adler has been in love with Nate’s sister since they were kids. He thought he’d finally put those feelings behind him until a heartbroken Natasha showed up at their apartment in the middle of the night, needing a place to stay. After she moves in, Mason puts his feelings aside to give her whatever she needs.

Natasha Garin’s life is in disarray. After she leaves her cheating boyfriend, she’s forced to move in with her twin brother Nate and his best friend Mason. Living with two bachelors isn’t easy, especially when long-buried feelings for her brother’s best friend start to surface. Mason shouldn’t be the guy she wants; they’re friends and that’s it. To her dismay, fighting those feelings gets harder with every passing day.

In the fourth book of the Loves of Lakeside series, two friends discover long-buried feelings are more complicated than they ever could have imagined—fighting them might not be worth the battle.

XTC – College Series

by Ali Whippe

Are you ready to earn some extra credit?

Ali Whippe will make you feel hot for teacher with this 4-book collection.

Despite being a place of higher learning, AbraXus Tasker College’s professors, tutors, coaches, and students get down and dirty. Dr. Jacoby’s one night stand turns into a hush-hush office hours romance. Quiet writer William shows the Tutoring Center goddess Kimberly that erotica doesn’t have to just be on the page. Anatomy-challenged Bree takes on the entire football team in a steamy locker room encounter as the athletic team helps her “study” for her exams. The Cooper twins earn their extra credit, discovering that the school mascot can boost morale at more than just the games.

Sit at your desk, get your pencils out, and pay attention. You’ll be graded on this.

Oliver Possum’s Adventure

by Chip Haynes

Six friends go for a ride to see what they can … sea!

Oliver Possum didn’t mind a good bicycle ride—but this was a great one! He and his friends ride across the great wide world to have a fun afternoon at the seaside. What could possibly go wrong?

Well, as you know, it’s not much of an adventure until something does. If it all goes right, it’s just a trip. And who wants to read about that?

Seducing Dionysus

by Honey Cummings

Bloody Mary, Bloody Mary, Bloody Mary…

Mary Emyrs finds herself trapped in a mirror world and doesn’t know how—or when—she got there. Bored out of her mind, she spies on a man through his mirror. Suddenly, her eye candy falls into her world, and they have an amazing night of sex!

CJ Galdur can’t stop thinking about his strange rendezvous with the woman in the mirror. Did he really just get laid by the mythical Bloody Mary? He can’t stop beating it to thoughts of her. When he calls for her, things heat up and a dark changeling makes his presence known.

Will Mary be free of the mirror, or will CJ find himself sucked into her world?

The Dead Show

by Amanda Fasciano

On this week’s episode of The Dead Show…

Barrington Prison is no place for the living. When ghost hunters film a reality show in the prison, Snow and Cadence must make sure the ghosts behave and follow the rules. Elsewhere, the spoiled ghost of a young southern belle begins harassing a family. As both the living and dead teams divide and conquer, Cadence and Snow wonder if this all just a coincidence. Or has something more nefarious been set into motion?

What Cadence and Snow don’t know is that the ghost hunters didn’t just bring EMF meters and night vision cameras. They have a new, experimental piece of equipment that could threaten everything—if the prison’s occupants don’t get them first.

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Keeping Focused During Your Fiction Research

Research isn’t just for academic or non-fiction writing. Many readers are pleasantly surprised when they discover their fiction books, whether high fantasy or historical fiction, have more truth or real world influence than one would expect. As a fellow author, I often tie in lesser known myths, history, and superstitions into my own work despite creating worlds not connected to our own. With this magical blend comes several concerns and bear traps that can cripple the writing process on a few levels. I’ve often been asked:

  • As a writer, how do you know when to stop research and start writing? 
  • Or how do you focus and break it down so it works for you? 
  • Furthermore, how do you stop yourself from falling down the rabbit hole of research and find yourself elsewhere hours later?
  • Wait, exactly how much fiction to fact ratio do you even include/exclude!

After several panels and workshops, I have found myself writing a workbook on the topic. Mindful that this is not intended to create excitement and love for research, that’s just a personal vibe I carry close to heart. Instead, Writer’s Bane: Research 101 is intended to help an author break it down and stay focused. How? Well, here’s some of the advice from me to you:

Break it into 3 Core Focal Points

There’s only three main reasons you should be doing research for any story, whether short story to an epic science fiction. Don’t try to gather research on all three of these and you should do this one point at a time. So what are these three things? Character, World, and Plot. This shouldn’t be anything new to writers who have done a lot of workshops and reading on the craft of writing.

Character

Pick a single character at a time. Cliff notes and bullet points are best as you discover something you want to add to your character. If you’re writing historical fiction, you don’t want to stray too far from the truth. Meanwhile, fantasy and alt-history will have room to stretch, twist, and even re-invent. Even though you are doing research, it doesn’t mean it has to be exact in this case unless your audience and genre calls for it. Research a little up front on your main character, love interest, antagonist, and supporting or vital secondary characters. It’s encouraged to do research as they arrive in a scene so as to not derail your writing and telling of your story.

World

Again, same concept as the characters. Focus on key locations and research them one at a time. Creating an ice planet? Do some extreme weather survival dives and note ways your characters will have to combat. What would be available here? Even consider resources that would be common or accessible that may rendered useless in areas. For example, in a high fantasy world, magic is legal in one kingdom, while forbidden in another and puts the entire party at risk of burning at the stake if caught! You can use real world applications to help decipher unique cultural aspects, but remember to be respectful of cultures, religions, and indigenous people you are using for research. Not sure if you did so? Grab a sensitivity reader and share. Work with them to correct any red flags you weren’t knowledgeable enough to see.

Plot

As strange as this may sound, your plot often will cause a snag or leave you unsure of how to best describe or execute how the character and world should be interacting with one another. Is there an earthquake? No problem, there’s tons of actual accounts on video, written, and recorded throughout history. Don’t be afraid to research even the smallest detail to help create a believable story. For example, the character making soap from scratch! Can he just do it with nothing more than a campfire? How long does it last? Can he find the missing elements close by? Can he even stomach the process? These are all things to consider that impact how this plot of making soap can even impact the character’s needs for the next scene… So if a campfire isn’t enough, then perhaps throwing them in the way of a trappers cabin or similar to help provide a way to access items. Don’t be afraid to consider the options and twist the plot to make a more believable story!

Do and Don’t Lists!

As you set forward to research, keep in mind often what you DO want and DON’T want for that focus point. You aren’t researching a bunch of things all at once, or you’ll spiral away from the thing you need in this moment to keep writing and derail yourself. So, the moment you can say “I don’t need this for this character” or focal point, pivot back a step and look for something you DO need. This takes some getting used to. Found something too juicy to let go? Copy and paste it to a dump file! This can be a great starting point for research in other areas, but don’t allow yourself to dip off the path any further! These lists also come in handy when you want to hyperfocus on building characters, worlds, or even a plot with certain aspects while keeping others out completely.

Set a Timer

Much like the practice of writing sprints, it’s always good to set a timer to come up for air from research. The last thing you want to do is steal time away from your writing simply because you’ve found yourself distracted by the content. Again, this is a good way to make yourself ask “DO or DON’T” what you are looking at at the end of this sprint. If it’s not on focus, change focal points, reset and refocus on the current focal point, or head back to your story and start writing! You may not realize you broke loose without taking the time to assess often. Research hounds such as myself can lose an entire day on a single point! 

Make Grids and Charts

If you have a copy of Writer’s Bane: Research 101 You already have access to some great charts that are flexible for any style of writing. These can make it easier to see information about your three focal points and make more sense. It’s also a great way to see how research overlaps or perhaps opposes, strengthening the development of your story’s characters and plot as a whole. Here’s a sample of a chart that works great at seeing your core focal points at a glance. This chart is designed to help you streamline your research ahead of time to keep focus on point. Creating a more detailed list on each of these points may help you, but this is a great starting point for those needing help to stay on course for combining research and fiction.

Happy writing!

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The Year is Half Over – What Have You Done?

Hello Authors, Artists and other Creatives!

As I am sure you have noticed, we are midway through 2023. I think this is a fantastic time to take stock and see what you have accomplished. 

Did you meet your goal? Did you exceed it?

WELL DONE!

Are you looking at the goal you set for yourself and finding you fell short or did not even start then the last thing you need to do is beat yourself up about it. 

Now is the time to re-set. It is time to figure out what you want the goal for the rest of the year to be. 

Sometimes the best way to do this is to work backwards. Start at the beginning and figure out what you want to do. Then what does that take? Example:

I want to write 50,000 words. This can be a great goal. But how many words per day can you write? Just on pure math, if you start on July 1st it is 183 days. 

50,000/183 = 273 words per day

(Note: This is pure math. It is not factoring the editing, research and interruptions you may encounter.)

Now, how do we hit a goal of 273 words per day? First, I would say the goal is 300. This begins to build in a buffer.

Next, set aside the time you CAN do this. Meaning, do you need to wake up a little earlier to make this happen? Do you need to take your notebook/laptop to work so you can write during lunch? If you do not MAKE the time, you will fail at the goal from the start.

Then you should track your progress everyday. Keep a note on what was successful and what was not. Maybe you do writing sprints? Setting a 5, 10 or 20 minute timer gives you a great idea on what you can accomplish in an hour. Then you know how much time you need to hit your goal.

There are studies that say if you do something for six weeks it then becomes part of your routine. Find a way to make writing a habit gives it priority so that your goal can be accomplished.

If you need a little help, check out our Author’s Accountability Planner!

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From the Editor’s Desk: How to stop placing commas like you’re throwing darts

Do you find yourself adding commas to your document like throwing darts at a dartboard? 

“Wherever they shall fall, there shall they remain!”

Please, for the sake of editors everywhere, just don’t. 

Generally speaking, people tend to use commas one of two ways: throwing a bunch like darts and leaving them where they land or avoiding them completely and hoping it all works out. Neither is very efficient. Don’t even get me started on the old, “Use a comma when you would take a breath.” Have a professional singer and a lifetime smoker read the same sentence and see how accurate that method is. (It’s not!). Now, you can argue that sometimes the comma=pause will work, but only if you’re actually saying something that requires a comma–not because of the pause. 

Now, what if I told you there was an easy way to master this small punctuation mark? I know it may sound wild, but there are actual rules that govern how and when you use a comma. In fact, these guidelines can be broken down into six (yes only six!!!) fundamental rules. If you don’t find yourself in one of these six situations, don’t add a comma!

Rule #1: Use commas when you start a sentence with a dependent clause. 

If the sentence starts with a subordinating conjunction–wait, did I just curse at you in grammar? Okay, pause. Subordinating conjunctions are words that combine two complete sentences while implying their relationship (which part is dependent on the other part). These are words like because, until, although, since, when, while, where, and others like that. When you start a sentence with those words, you put a comma before the subject of the sentence (the word the sentence is about). 

  • Because English grammar is weird, we like to add commas to help facilitate comprehension. 
  • Until you understand how commas are supposed to work, you will remain confused about their usage. 
  • Since we’re now discussing commas, you can use them with more confidence. 

Note: If you flip those sentences around and the subordinating conjunction is in the middle of the sentence, you do NOT use a comma. 

  • We like to add commas to help facilitate comprehension because English grammar is weird. 
  • You will remain confused about their usage until you understand how commas are supposed to work. 
  • You can use them with more confidence since we’re now discussing commas. 

Rule #2: Use commas when you have two complete sentences connected with a FANBOY. 

First, you need two complete sentences. To be complete, a sentence needs a subject and a verb. If both sentences are connected by a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so), you should put a comma before it. If you don’t have a coordinating conjunction between them, you can just use a semicolon. You can’t use just a comma by itself–that’s called a comma splice. Commas can do a lot of things (obviously), but they can’t connect two complete sentences without the help of a coordinating or subordinating conjunction. Basically, if there isn’t an extra because or and between your sentences, use a semicolon or a period instead. 

  • I love grammar, but I know that it can be ridiculous. 
  • Commas are amazing, and they can do so many wonderful things.
  • Sometimes, commas feel like the best piece of punctuation, yet they do have limits. 

Note: If the second part of your sentence doesn’t have a subject, do NOT use a comma. 

  • I love grammar but know it can be ridiculous. 
  • Commas are amazing and can do so many wonderful things. 
  • Commas can feel like the best piece of punctuation yet are still limited. 

Rule #3: Use commas to separate non-essential information. 

If your sentence has a group of words that can be removed without changing the fundamental meaning of the sentence, set it off with commas (a comma on both sides). This rule also includes extra information like parentheticals, transitions, and names in direct address.  

  • Commas, which are a versatile piece of punctuation, seem complicated.
    • Commas seem complicated. The fact that they are versatile is interesting but not necessary to the gist of the sentence.  
  • The Oxford Comma, the comma before the word “and” in a list, is necessary to the meaning of the sentence.
    • The Oxford comma is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. That is all. 
  • I know you mean well, of course, when you put commas in your work.
    • I know you mean well when you put commas in your work. 

Note: You do not need to put commas around information that is only one word. 

  • My co-author Beau Lake knows how to use commas properly. 
  • My husband Remi teases me about my dedication to the Oxford Comma.
  • He arrived in June from Baltimore.  

Rule #4: Put commas around introductory information of more than two words. 

When you begin a sentence with a preposition phrase (any group of words starting with a preposition like in, of, with, to, by, under, etc.), you should put a comma before the subject of the sentence. This rule is different from Rule #1 because that deals with complete sentences (clauses) while this rule is for phrases (groups of words that do not have both a subject and a verb). 

  • When using commas, be sure to make sure you actually need one. 
  • Often in essays, writers will add commas where they aren’t necessary. 
  • In writing, commas can be used for many things!

Note: If you only have two words and the sentence is short, you can leave the comma out if you want. 

  • In 2020 4 Horsemen Publications was formed.
    • Though I would probably just say, “4 Horsemen Publications was formed in 2020.”

Rule #5: Use commas around items in a list of three or more items. 

When you list items in a sentence, put commas between the first few and also before the and. Yes, that’s the Oxford Comma–and it matters! (See image above for reasons why it matters.)

  • Commas are used to set off non-essential information, show items in lists, and separate dependent clauses at the start of a sentence. 
  • You can have lists anywhere in a sentence–beginning, middle, or end–and it still works the same way!
  • Editing, reading, and writing are three of my favorite activities!

Note: You do not use a comma when you only have two items. 

  • Either my laptop or my printer is having a stroke right now. 
  • I need to decide if I’m bringing my tablet or my laptop on vacation this weekend. 

Rule #6: Weirdness (dates, names, addresses, contrast)

This is the catch-all rule for the rest of the stuff you may run into:

  • Commas are also used between the elements of an address.
    • Send payment to 300 West Road, Stanford, CT 06860.
  • Commas also separate the elements of a date.
    • The wedding was on December 12, 2004.
      • If you say December 12th 2004, you do NOT need a comma. Wedding invitations everywhere–take note!
  • Commas are used after answering a question with yes or no.
    • No, I do not like this. 
  • Commas are used when addressing someone specific.
    • Annie, where did you get your gun? 
  • Commas are needed after interjections like ah, oh, etc.
    • Ah, this water is refreshing. 
  • Commas are also used to contrast.
    • Harold, not Roy, is my favorite player. 

And that’s it! If you are writing and it’s not one of those six situations listed above, you do NOT need to use a comma. 

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New Releases for June 2023

The Camping Trip

by Steve Altier

Whether told around a campfire or with a storm raging outside, ghost stories aren’t always just stories.

When the power fails in the middle of a storm, Zack and Daniel turn to their father, John Malone, for comfort. Feeling that the boys are old enough to learn the truth about his childhood, John divulges a family secret, one he’s kept locked away, a secret that changed John’s life forever.

In a small Pennsylvania town called Lizardville, Johnny and his friends set out on a weekend camping trip along the banks of Big Fishing Creek. On the first night, as the boys gather around the campfire, Parker shares the legend of the Ax Factory murders. Soon after, strange, mysterious things begin to happen. Little do the boys realize, they have awakened a spirit called Annabelle. She is searching for something and knows the boys are hiding what she seeks. Could the secret lie in an old puzzle box?

As this spine-tingling, edge-of-your-seat adventure unfolds, one question remains: will they survive the weekend?

Blood Magic

by Kait Disner-Leugers

Blood is a powerful magic, but love is even more so.

Lily Everett comes from a long line of powerful witches. It’s her duty to continue the Everett line and pass her gifts down to future generations. But Lily has fallen in love with Albert Hsu, a vampire, and her family is less than thrilled about their relationship.

With Lily fighting against her family to defend her love, a new threat arrives in town that threatens everything Lily and Albert have built together. Thirty years after running away from his vampire family, Albert’s maker and his brood of vampires return to claim Albert once again. Can the love of a witch and vampire overcome their blood families, or will they have to sacrifice their happiness to appease old hostilities?

The West Haven Undead

by Nick Savage

After Jack’s death, the young Legends of West Haven are forced to face the changing landscapes of their lives.

A mysterious stranger called Ashby is selling promises of self empowerment to the town’s misguided youth via a mysterious drug which seems to be doing more harm than good. As the death rate rises, Ashby arms himself with lies that could destroy The Nation.

With the adults distracted by their own problems surrounding The Nation, the Legends will have to reach out to the Normals Duncan and Rex to help track down the elusive drug dealer. The team falters, however, as Bri and Duncan’s relationship grows stronger; something not lost on Allison, who still struggles with feelings for Bri.

Together, the friends must help Rex through his revelation that West Haven is not as quiet as it seems, stop Ashby, and overcome their own insecurities about who they are before believing the falsehoods they are told.

My GIF is Bigger than Your GIF

by Nova Embers

Jake has a talent for fixing broken office equipment and satisfying uptight office ladies.

Charlotte is an overanxious perfectionist with a propensity to wait for the last minute before turning in her work. When her company Erotic Overseas Adventures tasks her with finishing the fall’s marketing campaign, Charlotte does what she always does: she procrastinates. When she finally gets to work mere hours before the deadline, she finds that the copy machine is broken.

Jake Ryan fixes copy machines for a living. He’s handsome and meticulous– and definitely not a corporate spy.

Charlotte thinks he’s up to no good. He thinks she’s crazy—hot, but crazy. When she finds out she’s mistaken, she will have to do a whole lot of groveling on her knees if she wants the copy machine fixed.

What’s a girl to do?

Nothing Will Be Left

by October Kane

Albert Turner was only supposed to be visiting Quill Point, but now he may never leave.

Quill Point, Illinois, used to be like any other small town. Most of its citizens have lived there their entire lives. Each of them is a part of a larger community of friends, neighbors, and coworkers.

When the sky changed, no one saw it for what it was: the beginning of the end. Now, as horrors and monsters rise, and the population of Quill Point dwindles, the remaining citizens must try to survive the evil machinations at the heart of this new apocalypse. They are in the middle of something beyond human understanding. Something primal and hostile.

Nothing Will Be Left is the first book in the terrifying Quill Point Chronicles. A cosmic horror anthology series told from multiple perspectives. It’s full of existential terror, body horror, and unknowable destruction waiting to be unleashed.

Beating it with Bloody Mary

by Honey Cummings

Bloody Mary, Bloody Mary, Bloody Mary…

Mary Emyrs finds herself trapped in a mirror world and doesn’t know how—or when—she got there. Bored out of her mind, she spies on a man through his mirror. Suddenly, her eye candy falls into her world, and they have an amazing night of sex!

CJ Galdur can’t stop thinking about his strange rendezvous with the woman in the mirror. Did he really just get laid by the mythical Bloody Mary? He can’t stop beating it to thoughts of her. When he calls for her, things heat up and a dark changeling makes his presence known.

Will Mary be free of the mirror, or will CJ find himself sucked into her world?

A New Day Starts Here

by Mark Atley

In the Tulsa underworld, everyone is connected.

The consequences of Renaldo’s death reverberate through Gabriella’s life. As his mother seeks answers, she learns just how far she is willing to go to get revenge for her son’s murder.

Meanwhile, unbeknownst to Gabriella, Cattle Cop Frankfort Corbin is on the case. After meeting Siriano in prison, Frank is tasked with uncovering what happened to Renaldo in order to destroy the organization he built. Frank quickly becomes ensnared in events that exceed his original mission. He meets the shrewd Kevin Alexander, who is on a collision course with fate and hellbent on destroying the Siriano Organization.

Big cities can feel like small towns, and that is especially true for twins Jerilyn Kissee and Jeremy Hall. Jeremy can’t seem to escape the town he grew up in, finding himself back home after bad luck at the Vegas poker tables. Jerilyn can’t escape her dead-end job or her dead-beat husband Wayne. But when opportunity presents itself in the form of Deputy Tanner Brogdon, it does so with disastrous consequences that affect not only their lives, but Gabriella’s, Frank’s, and Kevin’s in this explosive conclusion to the Tulsa Underworld Trilogy.

Destination: Lake Tahoe

by Ann Shepphird

An avalanche is the least of Sam’s problems.

On her third outing as a travel writer for “Carmel Today” magazine, former investigative reporter Samantha “Sam” Powers is invited to cover the reopening of the historic Lake Tahoe Mountain Lodge. The press trip has all the hallmarks of an amazing adventure, offering winter activities like skiing with a former Olympian, snowshoeing, dog sledding, and riding in a horse-drawn sleigh.

At the Lodge, a huge storm hits and guests start vanishing. As Sam begins to investigate the disappearances—with help from her best friend Lizzy—she stumbles into the culprit’s sights. When she finds herself dangling off a mountain peak, Sam wonders if her nose for mystery may have taken her too far this time.

“Destination: Lake Tahoe” is the third in the Destination Murder Mystery series, which combines exotic locales and a behind-the-scenes look at the travel industry with the twists and turns expected from a good mystery.

The Sea of the Vanities

by Lou Kemp

The ocean is vast and deep. What lurks beneath can tear boats asunder.

Richard Shaw, an insurance investigator from Lloyds of London, arrives in Rio de Janeiro in 1851. He is there to discover why so many of the great sailing ships of the world are disappearing in the south Atlantic, never making it to or from the Pacific Ocean.

From each side of the continent, two ships set sail: one helmed by Captain Peech to hunt for treasure and the other ferrying passengers like Cassandra Coulter, who only hopes for safe passage. Both ships encounter murder and supernatural forces. When the survivors unwillingly rendezvous in Cape Horn, they run straight into Richard Shaw.

The Sea of the Vanities is a supernatural sea adventure that answers the question: should death be feared? Or is it a mercy?

Kimmi and the Sea Dragon

by J.B. Moonstar

“It looks like its tail is broken! Let’s make sure it gets home!”

Young mermaid Kimmi has been chosen to raise a baby sea dragon until it is large enough to live with its parents in the open ocean. Although warned not to go beyond the reef with her young charge, after Kimmi’s necklace breaks and the pearls scatter, they forget the warning and swim out to find the lost pearls.

When a ghost net threatens the mermaids’ kelp garden and the sea creatures who live there, Kimmi and Snappy must be brave in order to save the day. Will they make it back to the safety of the reef?

Shadow Guardian and the Big Bad Wolf

by Robert J. Lewis

How far will they go to rescue the ones they love?

Esmerelda and Freddy have spent lifetimes trying to find the prison of the demon Don Marcos so they can break the curse and find Freddy’s lost love. Everything seems to be lining up, but Don Marcos’s prison slips through their fingers yet again. When a new demon rises to take his place, they must trust their friends with the truth and hope they can end this curse.

Meanwhile, Diego and Alex are attacked by a wolf-like beast that no one wants to admit knowing about. Determined to get to the truth and stop the Big Bad Wolf from getting to Alex, Diego heads out into the city as Shadow Guardian. With Alex watching his back in the command center, Diego will stop at nothing to stop this threat to his community—and his boyfriend.

Death

by Valerie Willis

When death comes, life can at last begin again…

Which will prevail: Life or Death? Iapetos has come back into the lives of Talib and Hotan, but what will happen when his own memories come flooding back? Hotan must come to terms with his emotions regarding his father while also deciphering his newfound feelings for Abigail.

Meanwhile, Iapetos faces past regrets and must decide whether to let the past continue to haunt him or choose a life more fitting for who he wants to be. Talib can only wait for judgments to be made and decide if he even has the right to intervene in a century’s worth of familial struggles.

Includes bonus materials from the author including artwork, a complete list of Immortals and their powers, playlists for all three books, and the backstory of the trilogy.

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From the Editor’s Desk – Revision and Editing Part Three: Final Review (making sure your story is ready)

Excellent! You’re at the end now–only a few more things to keep in mind. If you want to, you can re-read the story again, this time skimming for the following elements: 

  • Point of View
    • You should be consistently 1st person (I, we, me, etc.), 2nd person (you–though books written like this are RARE), or 3rd person (she, he, it, they, etc.). Do NOT change point of view/pronouns mid-story. 
  • Tense
    • Your story is probably in past tense (I said) or present tense (I say). You may be experimental and use future tense (I will say), but that’s not common. Make sure your verbs are consistently in the same tense as the rest of the book!

If you have an eye for it, this is a good time to doublecheck your punctuation as well, but that’s in another blog! When in doubt, google it. There are tons of resources on how to use commas, semicolons, colons, hyphens, dashes, parentheses, and ellipses properly (You’re probably fine with periods, question marks, and exclamation points, so you already know a bunch of this stuff!). 

Obviously, if you spot typos, fix them. If you’re not sure which word to use (affect/effect, lay/lie, passed/past, etc.)… can you guess what I’m going to say? GOOGLE IT!!! You have all of the knowledge known to mankind at this moment at your fingertips. Use that resource for some good as well as looking at cat videos. (Psst…here’s a cute cat video. You’re welcome, and Rick says hi!).

Wow, it looks like you’re nearly there. One more thing–open your document and zoom way WAY out, down to like 10% or so, and gaze lovingly at your manuscript laid out in tiny little square pages. Skim it, and make sure that your formatting hasn’t gotten wonky somewhere along the way. Your chapters should start on new pages (and ideally should be marked as Heading 1). Your paragraphs should be indented a half-inch. And if you plan to submit your book to 4Horsemen Publications, the whole thing should be double-spaced, Times New Roman, 12-point font. (Come on–you know I had to say it!). 

Everything looks good? YAY!! You are now ready to send your manuscript out the door and into the world. Enjoy this feeling of satisfaction, and then get started on the next book!